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Topics para preparar exámenes

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  1. INTRODUCCIÓN

    Cómo utilizar este curso
  2. Cómo son los writings de un examen de inglés
  3. Topics de cada tipo de writing
  4. Cómo son los speakings de un examen de inglés
  5. Frases útiles para el speaking
  6. ESSENTIAL TOPICS — MAIN IDEAS
    topics# Traditional and online shopping
  7. topics# Different kinds of holidays
  8. topics# Multi-generational relationships
  9. topics# Plans with your family & friends
  10. topics# Childhood memories
  11. topics# Modern and traditional families
  12. topics# Achieving work-life balance
  13. topics# What does a healthy lifestyle look like?
  14. topics# How to unwind according to science
  15. topics# Money & personal finance
  16. topics# Recycling
  17. topics# Global warming
  18. topics# Protecting endangered species
  19. topics# GMOs & food safety
  20. topics# Vegans & veganism
  21. topics# Feminism & equality
  22. topics# Beauty standards and self-image
  23. topics# The dangers of fake news
  24. topics# Crime & punishment
  25. topics# Privately vs publicly-funded education
  26. topics# School subjects and their importance
  27. topics# City center vs the suburbs
  28. topics# Gentrification under discussion
  29. topics# The Internet & screen time
  30. topics# Social media: pros & cons
  31. topics# Smartphone apps: how we use them
  32. topics# What is nomophobia?
  33. SPECIFIC TOPICS — 1 EDUCATION
    topics# Education as an opportunity
  34. topics# Who's responsible for children's education?
  35. topics# The importance of reading
  36. topics# Home-schooling vs regular schools
  37. topics# How to tackle bullying in schools
  38. topics# How to learn a new language
  39. SPECIFIC TOPICS — 2 TECHNOLOGY
    topics# Robots & the job market
  40. topics# Universal basic income
  41. topics# The rise of robotics and UBI
  42. topics# New communication possibilities
  43. topics# The impact of technology on our health
  44. topics# Cryptocurrencies: what & how
  45. topics# Genetic engineering & designer babies
  46. topics# Digital nomadism
  47. SPECIFIC TOPICS — 3 SOCIAL ISSUES
    topics# The impact of low income on health
  48. topics# The struggles of immigrants
  49. topics# The decline of malls in the USA
  50. topics# Stereotyping & racial profiling
  51. topics# Surveillance, public safety & privacy
  52. topics# Social inequalities
  53. topics# Navigating your quarter-life crisis
  54. topics# Gun ownership
  55. topics# The impact of reality TV
  56. topics# Addressing mental health issues
  57. topics# Alternative medicine & homeopathy
  58. topics# Animals in sports & science
  59. topics# Eating disorders
  60. topics# Beauty is in the eye of the beholder
  61. topics# The impacts (and guilt) of traveling
  62. topics# Living abroad is life-changing
  63. topics# Modern-day dating & relationships
  64. topics# Women empowerment
  65. topics# Deforestation and ecosystem collapse
  66. topics# Waste management & water conservation
  67. topics# The problem with blackfacing
  68. topics# Cultural appropriation vs cultural appreciation
  69. topics# Fast fashion under scrutiny
  70. SPECIFIC TOPICS — 4 MONEY & WORK
    topics# What is a successful life
  71. topics# Does money bring happiness?
  72. topics# Consumerism
  73. topics# Work-related challenges & stress
  74. topics# The four-day working week
  75. topics# Understanding the pay gap
Lesson 7 of 75
En Progreso

topics# Different kinds of holidays

Different kinds
of holidays
Different kinds
of holidays

En esta lección sobre topics para exámenes de inglés vamos a hablar sobre los diferentes tipos de viajes y vacaciones que puede haber. Hablamos de viajes de pareja, escapadas urbanas, cruceros…

Es un topic bastante frecuente en niveles más intermedios-bajos como B1 o B2.1, donde generalmente nos preguntan directamente por nuestra experiencia personal al respecto, además de hacer preguntas generales sobre el tema y sobre nuestra opinión.

Es uno de los temas que más frecuentemente aparecen en los speakings de niveles A & B, siempre relacionados con nuestra experiencia personal. Además, tanto en los exámenes de la EOI como de Cambridge, este tema también suele entrar en el article o en la review de la parte de writing.

En exámenes de inglés de nivel C, el tema de las vacaciones puede entrar, pero siempre tiene un enfoque más de debate como, por ejemplo, la gentrificación o el impacto del turismo en el medioambiente.

Como siempre, para tener una visión completa sobre este topic de examen y, además, poder recordar bien las ideas que necesitamos para el examen, esta lección está organizada con un reading, una lista con las ideas principales del tema y otra lista con el vocabulario clave y collocations.

 reading 

El reading está pensado para ayudarte a comprender el tema e ir entrando en materia y, además, incluye las ideas clave sobre el tema. También vas a poder ver el vocabulario específico y algunas collocations usadas en contexto, lo que siempre nos ayuda a entender cómo se tienen que usar.

Usa este texto como inspiración pero ten en cuenta que memorizarlo para hacer un writing es una mala idea, ya que no corresponde al formato que se pide en los exámenes. Esta diseñado con el objetivo de que aprendas sobre este topic, con estructuras repetitivas e ideas recurrentes —no es una plantilla para writings.

Puedes escuchar el audio mientras vas leyendo el reading para ti. De esta manera también mejoras la pronunciación y la entonación. Si no sabes alguna palabra, haz doble click sobre ella para abrir el diccionario online de Merriam-Webster.

En esta lección, hay dos versiones del mismo reading, de nivel esencial (B1 & B2.1) y de nivel avanzado (B2.2, C1 & C2). Elige la que corresponda a tu examen.

Holidays are an amazing opportunity for individuals to relax and escape the routine of their daily lives. Different people have different preferences when it comes to selecting the type of holiday they want to experience. There are numerous kinds of holidays to choose from, including solo traveling, sea and sun holidays, backpacking, resorts, cruises, city breaks, romantic getaways, cultural vacations, and outdoors holidays.

Solo traveling is an excellent option for those who prefer to travel alone. This type of vacation allows individuals to be free from any constraints that might arise from traveling with others, allowing them to do whatever they want whenever they want. Solo traveling can be a great way to meet new people and gain new experiences.

Sea and sun holidays are perfect for those who enjoy relaxing on the beach and soaking up the sun. These types of vacations are usually located near the coast or on an island, where individuals can enjoy water sports or simply lounging on the beach. This type of holiday is popular with families, as there are plenty of activities for children to enjoy.

Backpacking holidays are the answer for individuals who enjoy adventure and exploring new places. This type of vacation usually involves traveling to various destinations, staying in hostels or camping, and carrying everything in a backpack. Backpacking allows individuals to experience different cultures and landscapes, meet new people, and learn about different ways of life.

Resorts are another popular type of holiday, which offers a more luxurious experience. These types of vacations are usually located in tropical destinations and offer a range of amenities, such as swimming pools, spas, and restaurants. Resorts are perfect for those who want to relax and unwind while enjoying all the comforts of home.

Cruises are a wonderful way to travel and explore different destinations while enjoying all the amenities of a floating hotel. Cruises offer a wide range of activities, including dining, entertainment, and excursions to various ports of call. This type of vacation is ideal for those who want to see different destinations without the hassle of arranging travel and accommodation.

City breaks can be interesting for individuals who enjoy exploring the history, culture, and attractions of different cities. This type of holiday usually involves staying in a hotel in the city center and exploring the local sights, museums, and restaurants. City breaks are perfect for those who want to learn about different cultures and explore the history and architecture of different cities.

Romantic getaways are superb for couples who want to spend some quality time together in a romantic setting. These types of vacations usually involve staying in a hotel or villa in a scenic location, enjoying candlelit dinners, and taking long walks on the beach or in the countryside. Romantic getaways are perfect for those who want to reconnect with their significant other and enjoy some relaxation time together.

Cultural vacations are ideal for those who enjoy learning about different cultures and immersing themselves in new experiences. This type of vacation involves exploring different regions and learning about their history, traditions, and way of life. Cultural vacations usually involve visiting museums, galleries, and historical landmarks.

Outdoor holidays are a fit for those who enjoy spending time in nature and participating in outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and water sports. This type of vacation usually involves staying in cabins or campsites and enjoying the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape. Outdoor holidays are perfect for those who want to escape the hustle and bustle of city life and enjoy some time in the great outdoors.

In conclusion, there are many different types of holidays to choose from, each offering a unique experience. Whether you prefer relaxing on the beach, exploring new cultures, or embarking on an adventure, there is a holiday option that will suit your needs and preferences.

It is important to consider your budget, travel preferences, and the type of experience you want to have when selecting a holiday. Whatever type of vacation you choose, the most important thing is to enjoy your time away from your everyday life and create lasting memories.

Holidays present a remarkable opportunity for individuals to unwind and break away from the monotony of their daily routines. With an array of options available, people’s preferences diverge when it comes to selecting the ideal holiday experience. From solo adventures to sea and sun escapades, backpacking explorations, luxurious resort retreats, exhilarating cruises, immersive city breaks, romantic hideaways, culturally enriching journeys, to outdoor expeditions, the choices are abundant.

Solo travel stands as an enticing option for those inclined towards solitary exploration. It liberates individuals from the constraints of group dynamics, granting them the freedom to chart their own course at their own pace. Solo adventures not only facilitate encounters with new acquaintances but also foster personal growth through novel experiences.

For enthusiasts of sun-kissed shores, sea and sun holidays offer the epitome of relaxation. Nestled along coastlines or on idyllic islands, these vacations cater to beach loungers and water sports aficionados alike. Particularly popular among families, they promise a plethora of activities to delight children and adults alike.

Backpacking holidays cater to the adventurous souls seeking to unravel new territories. With a penchant for off-the-beaten-path discoveries, backpackers traverse diverse destinations, lodging in hostels or under the stars with their essentials strapped to their backs. Such journeys promise cultural immersion, serendipitous encounters, and an appreciation for diverse landscapes.

Resort getaways allure with their promise of indulgence and opulence. Nestled in tropical paradises, they pamper guests with luxurious amenities, from rejuvenating spas to gourmet dining. An ideal choice for those craving relaxation coupled with comfort.

Cruises offer a novel way to traverse multiple destinations while luxuriating in the amenities of a floating hotel. With a myriad of onboard activities and shore excursions, they promise a seamless blend of exploration and leisure, ideal for travelers seeking a hassle-free adventure.

City breaks beckon to the culturally inclined, inviting them to delve into the history, arts, and gastronomy of vibrant urban hubs. With centrally located accommodations, these escapes facilitate easy exploration of iconic landmarks, museums, and culinary delights.

Romantic retreats cater to couples desiring intimate moments amidst picturesque settings. Whether nestled in a secluded villa or by the beach, they offer opportunities for candlelit dinners, leisurely strolls, and shared experiences that rekindle the flames of love.

Cultural odysseys beckon to the curious souls eager to immerse themselves in the heritage and traditions of distant lands. From ancient ruins to contemporary art scenes, these journeys unveil the rich tapestry of human history and expression, fostering cross-cultural understanding.

Outdoor escapades offer solace to nature enthusiasts seeking refuge in the great outdoors. From rugged trails to serene campsites, they provide opportunities for hiking, camping, and water sports amidst breathtaking landscapes, promising respite from urban hustle and bustle.

In essence, the myriad choices in holiday experiences cater to diverse tastes and preferences. Whether seeking relaxation, exploration, or cultural immersion, the key lies in aligning one’s aspirations with the myriad offerings, ensuring a fulfilling and memorable getaway.

nivel esencial

Holidays are an amazing opportunity for individuals to relax and escape the routine of their daily lives. Different people have different preferences when it comes to selecting the type of holiday they want to experience. There are numerous kinds of holidays to choose from, including solo traveling, sea and sun holidays, backpacking, resorts, cruises, city breaks, romantic getaways, cultural vacations, and outdoors holidays.

Solo traveling is an excellent option for those who prefer to travel alone. This type of vacation allows individuals to be free from any constraints that might arise from traveling with others, allowing them to do whatever they want whenever they want. Solo traveling can be a great way to meet new people and gain new experiences.

Sea and sun holidays are perfect for those who enjoy relaxing on the beach and soaking up the sun. These types of vacations are usually located near the coast or on an island, where individuals can enjoy water sports or simply lounging on the beach. This type of holiday is popular with families, as there are plenty of activities for children to enjoy.

Backpacking holidays are the answer for individuals who enjoy adventure and exploring new places. This type of vacation usually involves traveling to various destinations, staying in hostels or camping, and carrying everything in a backpack. Backpacking allows individuals to experience different cultures and landscapes, meet new people, and learn about different ways of life.

Resorts are another popular type of holiday, which offers a more luxurious experience. These types of vacations are usually located in tropical destinations and offer a range of amenities, such as swimming pools, spas, and restaurants. Resorts are perfect for those who want to relax and unwind while enjoying all the comforts of home.

Cruises are a wonderful way to travel and explore different destinations while enjoying all the amenities of a floating hotel. Cruises offer a wide range of activities, including dining, entertainment, and excursions to various ports of call. This type of vacation is ideal for those who want to see different destinations without the hassle of arranging travel and accommodation.

City breaks can be interesting for individuals who enjoy exploring the history, culture, and attractions of different cities. This type of holiday usually involves staying in a hotel in the city center and exploring the local sights, museums, and restaurants. City breaks are perfect for those who want to learn about different cultures and explore the history and architecture of different cities.

Romantic getaways are superb for couples who want to spend some quality time together in a romantic setting. These types of vacations usually involve staying in a hotel or villa in a scenic location, enjoying candlelit dinners, and taking long walks on the beach or in the countryside. Romantic getaways are perfect for those who want to reconnect with their significant other and enjoy some relaxation time together.

Cultural vacations are ideal for those who enjoy learning about different cultures and immersing themselves in new experiences. This type of vacation involves exploring different regions and learning about their history, traditions, and way of life. Cultural vacations usually involve visiting museums, galleries, and historical landmarks.

Outdoor holidays are a fit for those who enjoy spending time in nature and participating in outdoor activities such as hiking, camping, and water sports. This type of vacation usually involves staying in cabins or campsites and enjoying the natural beauty of the surrounding landscape. Outdoor holidays are perfect for those who want to escape the hustle and bustle of city life and enjoy some time in the great outdoors.

In conclusion, there are many different types of holidays to choose from, each offering a unique experience. Whether you prefer relaxing on the beach, exploring new cultures, or embarking on an adventure, there is a holiday option that will suit your needs and preferences.

It is important to consider your budget, travel preferences, and the type of experience you want to have when selecting a holiday. Whatever type of vacation you choose, the most important thing is to enjoy your time away from your everyday life and create lasting memories.

nivel avanzado

Holidays present a remarkable opportunity for individuals to unwind and break away from the monotony of their daily routines. With an array of options available, people’s preferences diverge when it comes to selecting the ideal holiday experience. From solo adventures to sea and sun escapades, backpacking explorations, luxurious resort retreats, exhilarating cruises, immersive city breaks, romantic hideaways, culturally enriching journeys, to outdoor expeditions, the choices are abundant.

Solo travel stands as an enticing option for those inclined towards solitary exploration. It liberates individuals from the constraints of group dynamics, granting them the freedom to chart their own course at their own pace. Solo adventures not only facilitate encounters with new acquaintances but also foster personal growth through novel experiences.

For enthusiasts of sun-kissed shores, sea and sun holidays offer the epitome of relaxation. Nestled along coastlines or on idyllic islands, these vacations cater to beach loungers and water sports aficionados alike. Particularly popular among families, they promise a plethora of activities to delight children and adults alike.

Backpacking holidays cater to the adventurous souls seeking to unravel new territories. With a penchant for off-the-beaten-path discoveries, backpackers traverse diverse destinations, lodging in hostels or under the stars with their essentials strapped to their backs. Such journeys promise cultural immersion, serendipitous encounters, and an appreciation for diverse landscapes.

Resort getaways allure with their promise of indulgence and opulence. Nestled in tropical paradises, they pamper guests with luxurious amenities, from rejuvenating spas to gourmet dining. An ideal choice for those craving relaxation coupled with comfort.

Cruises offer a novel way to traverse multiple destinations while luxuriating in the amenities of a floating hotel. With a myriad of onboard activities and shore excursions, they promise a seamless blend of exploration and leisure, ideal for travelers seeking a hassle-free adventure.

City breaks beckon to the culturally inclined, inviting them to delve into the history, arts, and gastronomy of vibrant urban hubs. With centrally located accommodations, these escapes facilitate easy exploration of iconic landmarks, museums, and culinary delights.

Romantic retreats cater to couples desiring intimate moments amidst picturesque settings. Whether nestled in a secluded villa or by the beach, they offer opportunities for candlelit dinners, leisurely strolls, and shared experiences that rekindle the flames of love.

Cultural odysseys beckon to the curious souls eager to immerse themselves in the heritage and traditions of distant lands. From ancient ruins to contemporary art scenes, these journeys unveil the rich tapestry of human history and expression, fostering cross-cultural understanding.

Outdoor escapades offer solace to nature enthusiasts seeking refuge in the great outdoors. From rugged trails to serene campsites, they provide opportunities for hiking, camping, and water sports amidst breathtaking landscapes, promising respite from urban hustle and bustle.

In essence, the myriad choices in holiday experiences cater to diverse tastes and preferences. Whether seeking relaxation, exploration, or cultural immersion, the key lies in aligning one’s aspirations with the myriad offerings, ensuring a fulfilling and memorable getaway.

 vocabulary & collocations 

No es necesario que memorices absolutamente todo este vocabulario, pero intenta utilizar estas palabras cuando estes preparándote el topic, sea por tu cuenta o con ayuda.

Además de vocabulario, tienes también collocations, que son frases hechas, conjuntos de palabras que siempre se utilizan así. No las modifiques, salvo que sean verbos y los estés conjugando.

En un examen de nivel avanzado C1 o C2, es necesario que uses todo el vocabulario específico y collocations que puedas si quieres sacar buena nota. Pero no te limites a decir estas palabras por decir, úsalas con criterio, solo cuando tengan sentido en un frase, y no abuses.

Recuerda apuntar en un cuaderno aparte el vocabulario y collocations que más interesantes te resulten para hacerlo tuyo y que pase a formar parte de tu forma habitual de hablar en inglés.

Si quieres oír cómo se pronuncia una palabra, haz doble click  sobre ella para abrir la entrada del diccionario con audio.

No es necesario que memorices absolutamente todo este vocabulario, pero intenta utilizar estas palabras cuando estes preparándote el topic, sea por tu cuenta o con ayuda.

Además de vocabulario, tienes también collocations, que son frases hechas, conjuntos de palabras que siempre se utilizan así. No las modifiques, salvo que sean verbos y los estés conjugando.

En un examen de nivel avanzado C1 o C2, es necesario que uses todo el vocabulario específico y collocations que puedas si quieres sacar buena nota. Pero no te limites a decir estas palabras por decir, úsalas con criterio, solo cuando tengan sentido en un frase, y no abuses.

Recuerda apuntar en un cuaderno aparte el vocabulario y collocations que más interesantes te resulten para hacerlo tuyo y que pase a formar parte de tu forma habitual de hablar en inglés.

Si quieres oír cómo se pronuncia una palabra, haz doble click  sobre ella para abrir la entrada del diccionario con audio.

Las frases de ejemplo están pensadas para que puedas usarlas directamente en el speaking o el writing del examen.
 Están escritas con el estilo y el vocabulario que se espera en un examen real y te ayudan a expresarte con naturalidad, precisión y buen nivel de inglés.
solo travellingSolo travelling is becoming more popular among people who want independence and self-discovery
viajar en solitarioViajar en solitario es cada vez más popular entre quienes buscan independencia y autodescubrimiento
sea and sun holidaysSea and sun holidays attract tourists who want to relax on the beach and enjoy warm weather
vacaciones de sol y playaLas vacaciones de sol y playa atraen a quienes buscan relajarse en la playa y disfrutar del buen tiempo
winter breakA winter break is perfect for skiing or visiting Christmas markets
escapada de inviernoUna escapada de invierno es perfecta para esquiar o visitar mercadillos navideños
romantic getawayA romantic getaway is ideal for couples who want to spend time together away from routine
escapada románticaUna escapada romántica es ideal para las parejas que quieren pasar tiempo juntos lejos de la rutina
cultural vacationCultural vacations include visiting museums, art galleries and historical sites
vacaciones culturalesLas vacaciones culturales incluyen visitar museos, galerías de arte y lugares históricos
outdoor holidayOutdoor holidays are ideal for people who enjoy hiking, cycling or camping
vacaciones al aire libreLas vacaciones al aire libre son ideales para quienes disfrutan del senderismo, el ciclismo o la acampada
adventure travelAdventure travel often involves physical activity and exploring remote areas
viajes de aventuraLos viajes de aventura suelen implicar actividad física y la exploración de zonas remotas
cultural immersionCultural immersion allows travellers to experience daily life and traditions of another country
inmersión culturalLa inmersión cultural permite experimentar la vida diaria y las tradiciones de otro país
coastal getawayA coastal getaway combines beautiful beaches with peaceful seaside towns
escapada costeraUna escapada costera combina playas preciosas con pueblos tranquilos junto al mar
mountain retreatA mountain retreat is a great option for people who want peace and fresh air
retiro en la montañaUn retiro en la montaña es una buena opción para quienes buscan tranquilidad y aire fresco
tropical vacationTropical vacations are famous for palm trees, white sand beaches and turquoise water
vacaciones tropicalesLas vacaciones tropicales se caracterizan por las palmeras, las playas de arena blanca y el agua turquesa
family holidayFamily holidays usually involve activities that everyone can enjoy together
vacaciones en familiaLas vacaciones en familia suelen incluir actividades que todos pueden disfrutar juntos
wellness retreatA wellness retreat focuses on rest, meditation and a healthy lifestyle
retiro de bienestarUn retiro de bienestar se centra en el descanso, la meditación y un estilo de vida saludable
wildlife safariA wildlife safari gives visitors the chance to see animals in their natural habitat
safari de vida silvestreUn safari de vida silvestre permite observar animales en su hábitat natural
eco-friendly travelEco-friendly travel promotes respect for the environment and local communities
viajes ecológicosLos viajes ecológicos promueven el respeto por el medio ambiente y las comunidades locales
exotic vacationTravellers often choose an exotic vacation to experience unusual destinations or cultures
vacaciones exóticasLas personas viajeras suelen elegir unas vacaciones exóticas para conocer destinos o culturas poco comunes
outdoor activitiesOutdoor activities such as hiking and cycling are great for staying active while travelling
actividades al aire libreLas actividades al aire libre como el senderismo y el ciclismo ayudan a mantenerse activo durante los viajes
water sportsWater sports like surfing or diving are very popular in tropical destinations
deportes acuáticosLos deportes acuáticos como el surf o el buceo son muy populares en destinos tropicales
amenitiesGood hotels provide amenities such as free Wi-Fi, a gym and a swimming pool
servicios y comodidadesLos buenos hoteles ofrecen servicios como Wi-Fi gratuito, gimnasio y piscina
layoverDuring a long layover, passengers can visit the city before their next flight
escalaDurante una escala larga, las personas viajeras pueden visitar la ciudad antes de su próximo vuelo
scenicScenic routes offer beautiful views of the countryside or the sea
pintoresco / con buenas vistasLas rutas pintorescas ofrecen vistas preciosas del campo o del mar
landmarksLandmarks like the Eiffel Tower or the Colosseum attract millions of visitors each year
monumentosMonumentos como la Torre Eiffel o el Coliseo atraen a millones de visitantes cada año
hustle and bustleSome people enjoy the hustle and bustle of big cities, while others prefer quiet places
ajetreo / trajínA algunas personas les gusta el ajetreo de las grandes ciudades, mientras que otras prefieren lugares tranquilos
go on holidayMost people go on holiday in summer to relax and forget about work
irse de vacacionesLa mayoría de las personas se van de vacaciones en verano para relajarse y olvidarse del trabajo
plan a tripIt’s important to plan a trip carefully to make the most of your time
planear un viajeEs importante planear un viaje con cuidado para aprovechar al máximo el tiempo
book a flightMany travellers prefer to book a flight online because it’s faster and cheaper
reservar un vueloMuchas personas viajeras prefieren reservar un vuelo por Internet porque es más rápido y barato
go sightseeingPeople usually go sightseeing to learn more about the history and culture of a city
hacer turismoLa gente suele hacer turismo para conocer mejor la historia y la cultura de una ciudad
go backpackingGoing backpacking is popular among young people who want to travel on a low budget
ir de mochileroIr de mochilero es popular entre la gente joven que quiere viajar con poco presupuesto
take a city breakA city break is ideal for discovering a new place without spending too much time or money
hacer una escapada urbanaUna escapada urbana es ideal para descubrir un lugar nuevo sin gastar demasiado tiempo ni dinero
go on a cruiseGoing on a cruise allows travellers to visit several destinations in one trip
ir de cruceroIr de crucero permite visitar varios destinos en un solo viaje
take a road tripA road trip offers the freedom to stop whenever you want and explore different places
hacer un viaje por carreteraUn viaje por carretera ofrece la libertad de parar cuando quieras y explorar distintos lugares
travel on a budgetMany students travel on a budget by staying in hostels and cooking their own meals
viajar con poco presupuestoMuchos estudiantes viajan con poco dinero alojándose en albergues y cocinando ellos mismos
get away from it allSome people prefer quiet destinations where they can get away from it all
escaparse de todo / desconectarAlgunas personas prefieren destinos tranquilos donde puedan desconectar de todo
have a great timePeople usually have a great time when the place and company are both enjoyable
pasarlo muy bienLa gente suele pasarlo muy bien cuando el lugar y la compañía son agradables
spend quality timeHolidays are a perfect opportunity to spend quality time with family or friends
pasar tiempo de calidadLas vacaciones son una oportunidad perfecta para pasar tiempo de calidad con la familia o los amigos
enjoy the local cuisineTrying local food is one of the best ways to enjoy the local cuisine and culture
disfrutar de la gastronomía localProbar la comida del lugar es una de las mejores formas de disfrutar de su gastronomía y cultura
take photosTourists often take photos to remember the most beautiful moments of their trip
hacer fotosLas personas turistas suelen hacer fotos para recordar los momentos más bonitos del viaje
go swimming / go diving / go surfingBeach destinations are ideal for people who like to go swimming, diving or surfing
ir a nadar / bucear / hacer surfLos destinos de playa son ideales para quienes disfrutan nadando, buceando o haciendo surf
enjoy breathtaking viewsTravellers can enjoy breathtaking views from the top of mountains or tall buildings
disfrutar de vistas impresionantesLas personas viajeras pueden disfrutar de vistas impresionantes desde lo alto de montañas o edificios
have an adventureExploring unknown places is often seen as a great way to have an adventure
vivir una aventuraExplorar lugares desconocidos suele considerarse una buena forma de vivir una aventura
once-in-a-lifetime experienceSeeing the Northern Lights or visiting Antarctica is a once-in-a-lifetime experience
una experiencia única en la vidaVer las auroras boreales o visitar la Antártida es una experiencia única en la vida
relax on the beachMany people choose to relax on the beach instead of visiting crowded cities
relajarse en la playaMucha gente prefiere relajarse en la playa en lugar de visitar ciudades llenas de gente
fully bookedHotels are often fully booked during popular festivals or public holidays
completo / sin plazas disponiblesLos hoteles suelen estar completos durante los festivales populares o los días festivos
last-minute bookingA last-minute booking is usually more expensive than an early reservation
reserva de última horaUna reserva de última hora suele ser más cara que una hecha con antelación
jet lagJet lag can make travellers feel tired and confused after long flights
desajuste horarioEl cambio horario puede hacer que las personas viajeras se sientan cansadas y desorientadas después de vuelos largos
make unforgettable memoriesTravelling with others is one of the best ways to make unforgettable memories
crear recuerdos inolvidablesViajar con otras personas es una de las mejores formas de crear recuerdos inolvidables
book a roomIt is advisable to book a room in advance during high season
reservar una habitaciónEs recomendable reservar una habitación con antelación en temporada alta
check in / check outGuests usually check in after 2 pm and check out before midday
registrarse / dejar el hotelLas personas huéspedes suelen registrarse después de las 14:00 y dejar el hotel antes del mediodía
rent a carRenting a car gives more flexibility to visit places outside the city centre
alquilar un cocheAlquilar un coche da más flexibilidad para visitar lugares fuera del centro
catch a flightPassengers should arrive early to catch a flight without stress
coger un vueloLas personas pasajeras deben llegar con tiempo para coger el vuelo sin estrés
miss a flightHeavy traffic or long queues at security can cause travellers to miss a flight
perder un vueloEl tráfico intenso o las colas en seguridad pueden hacer que se pierda un vuelo
flight delayA flight delay may affect connections and hotel check-in times
retraso de vueloUn retraso del vuelo puede afectar a las conexiones y a la hora de registro en el hotel
go through securityAll passengers must go through security before reaching the boarding gate
pasar el control de seguridadTodas las personas pasajeras deben pasar el control de seguridad antes de llegar a la puerta de embarque
carry-on luggageMost airlines allow only one piece of carry-on luggage
equipaje de manoLa mayoría de aerolíneas permiten solo una pieza de equipaje de mano
stay in a hostel / hotel / campsiteStaying in a hostel is a budget-friendly option for short trips
alojarse en un albergue / hotel / campingAlojarse en un albergue es una opción económica para viajes cortos
travel arrangementsGood travel arrangements include transport, accommodation, and suitable insurance
preparativos del viajeUnos buenos preparativos del viaje incluyen transporte, alojamiento y un seguro adecuado
window seat / aisle seatMany travellers prefer a window seat for the view and an aisle seat for easy access
asiento de ventana / pasilloMucha gente prefiere el asiento de ventana por las vistas y el de pasillo por el acceso fácil
lose your luggageLosing your luggage can turn the start of a trip into a stressful experience
perder el equipajePerder el equipaje puede convertir el inicio de un viaje en una experiencia estresante
miss the connectionTravellers may miss the connection if their first flight or train is delayed
perder la conexiónLas personas viajeras pueden perder la conexión si su primer vuelo o tren se retrasa
run out of moneyIt’s important to plan expenses carefully to avoid running out of money abroad
quedarse sin dineroEs importante planificar bien los gastos para no quedarse sin dinero en el extranjero
get sunburntWearing sunscreen helps prevent getting sunburnt during long days at the beach
quemarse al solUsar protector solar ayuda a evitar quemarse al sol durante los días largos de playa
break downIf a car breaks down far from the city, it can ruin the travel plans
averiarseSi un coche se avería lejos de la ciudad, puede arruinar los planes de viaje
ask for directionsWhen maps are unclear, it’s better to ask for directions from local people
pedir indicacionesCuando los mapas no son claros, es mejor pedir indicaciones a la gente local
deal with problemsTravelling abroad teaches people how to deal with problems calmly and effectively
enfrentarse a los problemasViajar al extranjero enseña a enfrentarse a los problemas con calma y eficacia
travel bugPeople who catch the travel bug often feel the need to explore new places regularly
pasión por viajarQuienes tienen pasión por viajar suelen sentir la necesidad de explorar lugares nuevos con frecuencia
get bitten by the travel bugAfter their first trip abroad, many people get bitten by the travel bug and start planning the next one
empezar a tener pasión por viajarDespués de su primer viaje al extranjero, muchas personas comienzan a sentir pasión por viajar y planean el siguiente
travel lightTravelling light makes moving between destinations easier and less stressful
viajar con poco equipajeViajar con poco equipaje hace que desplazarse entre destinos sea más fácil y menos estresante
wanderlustWanderlust is the strong desire to travel and discover new cultures and landscapes
deseo intenso de viajar y descubrir nuevos lugaresEl término wanderlust describe el fuerte deseo de viajar y conocer otras culturas
have a strong sense of wanderlustPeople who have a strong sense of wanderlust often choose jobs that allow them to travel
sentir un gran deseo de viajarLas personas con un gran deseo de viajar suelen elegir trabajos que les permitan desplazarse
satisfy your wanderlustTaking a gap year is one of the most popular ways to satisfy your wanderlust
satisfacer tus ganas de viajarTomarse un año sabático es una de las formas más comunes de saciar las ganas de viajar
the journey of a lifetimeClimbing Mount Kilimanjaro is often described as the journey of a lifetime
el viaje de tu vidaSubir al monte Kilimanjaro suele describirse como el viaje de tu vida
feel homesickTravellers who spend a long time abroad may feel homesick after a few weeks
sentir nostalgia de casaLas personas que pasan mucho tiempo en el extranjero pueden sentir nostalgia de casa después de unas semanas
holiday bluesMany people experience the holiday blues when they return to work after a relaxing trip
tristeza después de las vacacionesMucha gente experimenta tristeza al volver al trabajo después de unas vacaciones relajantes

 main ideas 

Estas son las ideas más importantes sobre este topic, además de un resumen del texto que hemos leído. Más que memorizar las frases, lo importante es entender las ideas y recordarlas con la práctica.

Escríbelas a tu manera en un cuaderno, intenta expresarlas con tus propias palabras y usa el vocabulario y las collocations que has aprendido antes.

Si no tienes mucho tiempo o este topic no te motiva especialmente, con estas ideas principales puedes tener una visión clara del tema y usarlas sin problema en tu writing o speaking del examen.

People travel for different reasons such as relaxation, adventure, or cultural discovery.
Holidays are essential to disconnect from daily stress and recharge both body and mind.
Different kinds of holidays suit different people depending on age, personality, and lifestyle.
Some travellers prefer relaxing holidays, while others look for adventure and excitement.
Solo travelling helps people gain confidence, independence, and new perspectives.
Family holidays strengthen relationships and create long-lasting memories.
Eco-friendly travel and cultural immersion have become more popular in recent years.
Tourism brings economic benefits but can also damage nature and local traditions.
Nowadays, technology makes it easier to book trips and find information about destinations.
As a result of modern life, many people look for short city breaks instead of long vacations.
Choosing the right kind of holiday depends on personal interests, budget, and free time.

 for & against 

La parte de argumentos a favor y en contra es muy útil para tener claros los distintos puntos de vista sobre el tema.

Estas ideas pueden servirte tanto para construir argumentos equilibrados en tu writing como para mostrar diferentes puntos de vista en el speaking del examen.

Conocer estos argumentos es esencial para escribir un discursive essay, un tipo de redacción que aparece en varios exámenes de inglés, como el C2 Proficiency de Cambridge o en los exámenes de la EOI de nivel B2 y C1.

El modelo de for & against también se utiliza en la parte 3 del speaking del Aptis Advanced.

Vamos a ver un for & against sobre los pisos turísticos: “Tourist apartments are becoming increasingly common in big cities, and opinions are divided about their effects.” 
ARGUMENTS IN FAVOR
economic opportunities
Tourist apartments generate income for property owners and create jobs in maintenance, cleaning, and hospitality services.
affordable accommodation
They offer cheaper and more flexible options for families or long stays, making travel accessible to a wider range of tourists.
support for local businesses
Visitors staying in apartments tend to shop and eat locally, helping small neighborhood businesses instead of large hotel chains.
ARGUMENTS AGAINST
housing problems
In many cities, short-term rentals reduce the availability of housing for locals and increase rental prices dramatically.
noise and overcrowding
Constant changes of guests can disturb neighbors, reduce privacy, and harm the sense of community in residential buildings.
unfair competition
Hotels and registered accommodations follow strict regulations and pay taxes, while many tourist apartments operate informally or illegally.

Es muy normal que en la parte del writing de los exámenes, una vez hayamos expresado los argumentos a favor y en contra, nos pidan tomar una postura y defenderla en la conclusión final.

 advantages & disadvantages 

Hablar sobre las ventajas y desventajas de un tema concreto es algo que aparece con frecuencia en los exámenes de inglés, tanto en el speaking como en el writing, en todos los niveles.

Este enfoque es especialmente útil en topics que implican diferentes formas de usar algo o distintas actitudes ante una misma situación —por ejemplo, las redes sociales, la educación pública o privada, el uso de la inteligencia artificial o aprender un nuevo idioma.

A menudo, las instrucciones del examen piden directamente que hables de las ventajas y desventajas. Pero incluso cuando no lo hacen, usar esta estructura da más profundidad y equilibrio a tu speaking o writing.

Resulta especialmente útil para los monólogos de la EOI y para los essays & articles de cualquier examen de inglés.

Vamos a ver “The advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of holidays”. Este enfoque nos puede ayudar también a reforzar las ideas principales del topic  
TRAVELLING IN GENERAL
Advantages
Travelling allows people to discover new cultures and traditions.
It helps people become more open-minded and tolerant.
Holidays provide a useful break to relax and reduce stress.
Meeting new people abroad often leads to memorable experiences.
Travel can increase independence and self-confidence.
Disadvantages
Travelling can be expensive, especially in high season.
Delays and last-minute changes may cause stress.
Long journeys can be uncomfortable or tiring.
Some destinations suffer from overtourism and pollution.
Long-distance travel contributes to carbon emissions.
SOLO TRAVELLING
Advantages
Solo trips offer full freedom to choose the itinerary and pace.
Travellers often gain confidence and independence.
It is easier to meet new people and practice languages.
Plans can change quickly without negotiating with others.
Disadvantages
Travelling alone may feel lonely during long days or evenings.
Safety and health issues must be managed without support.
Costs cannot be shared, so accommodation may be pricier.
Carrying luggage and solving problems is more demanding.
TRAVELLING WITH FRIENDS
Advantages
Sharing expenses can make transport and accommodation cheaper.
Travelling with friends is usually more fun and motivating.
Tasks such as driving or planning can be shared.
Friends can help in unexpected situations.
Disadvantages
Different interests or budgets may cause disagreements.
Group decisions can slow down plans and waste time.
Schedules and energy levels are not always the same.
Friendships may suffer if expectations are not discussed.
FAMILY HOLIDAYS
Advantages
Spending time together strengthens family bonds and communication.
Shared activities help children learn and gain confidence.
Parents can pass on values and cultural traditions.
Group bookings and family deals can reduce costs.
Disadvantages
Different ages and interests make planning more complex.
Travelling with young children requires extra time and preparation.
Parents may have less personal time to relax.
Busy destinations can be stressful for families.
PACKAGE HOLIDAYS & RESORTS
Advantages
Everything is organized in advance which saves time and effort.
Fixed prices make budgeting easier for families and groups.
Resorts offer many amenities in one place.
Customer support is available if something goes wrong.
Disadvantages
Schedules and activities can feel rigid or impersonal.
Resorts may limit contact with local culture and people.
Popular packages encourage mass tourism.
Extra services at the resort can increase the final cost.
ADVENTURE HOLIDAYS
Advantages
Physical challenges improve fitness and mental resilience.
Participants develop teamwork and problem-solving skills.
Activities provide a strong sense of achievement.
Trips often include unique landscapes and wildlife.
Disadvantages
There is a higher risk of injury or accidents.
Special equipment and insurance can be expensive.
Activities may require specific skills or training.
Weather conditions can cancel or shorten the programme.
CULTURAL HOLIDAYS
Advantages
Travellers learn about art, history and local traditions.
Visiting cultural sites helps people appreciate diversity.
Local communities benefit from cultural tourism.
It offers a deeper and more meaningful travel experience.
Disadvantages
Some destinations can become overcrowded and lose authenticity.
Entrance fees and guided tours can be expensive.
Language barriers may make communication difficult.
Tourists sometimes show little respect for local customs.
ECO-FRIENDLY HOLIDAYS
Advantages
Eco-friendly travel protects the environment and local wildlife.
It supports sustainable tourism and small local businesses.
Travellers become more aware of their environmental impact.
It encourages respect and responsibility towards nature.
Disadvantages
Eco-friendly accommodation can be more expensive.
Remote locations may lack comfort or modern facilities.
Transport options are sometimes limited or slower.
Not all companies that claim to be sustainable are truly eco-friendly.
STAYCATIONS
Advantages
Staycations save money on flights and accommodation.
They are less stressful and require no travel planning.
They help people rediscover their own city or region.
They are better for the environment because they reduce emissions.
Disadvantages
It may be harder to disconnect from work and routine.
Some people find them boring compared to travelling abroad.
Weather or local conditions can limit activities.
Lack of novelty might reduce the feeling of a real holiday.

Es muy normal que en la parte del writing de los exámenes, una vez hayamos expresado las ventajas y desventajas, nos pidan tomar una postura y defenderla en la conclusión final.

 tier list 

Puede que un topic no se preste a hablar de advantages & disadvantages ni tampoco de for & against. A veces todo el mundo coincide en los aspectos positivos o, simplemente, no tiene mucho sentido debatirlos.

En esos casos, los exámenes suelen plantearlo más como una tier list, donde hay que elegir qué aspectos, formas o razones tienen más peso o importancia al tratar el tema.

De hecho, este formato puede resultarte útil en cualquier topic, tanto para reforzar las ideas principales como para practicar posibles subtemas que sí encajen mejor con una tier list.

En cualquier caso, al final siempre te pedirán que elijas la idea o ideas que consideres más importantes y las defiendas en la conclusión.

No te preocupes porque tu nota no depende de si “eliges bien” o “mal”. Es un examen de inglés, no de biología ni de física. Lo que importa es que justifiques tu elección con razones, argumentos y ejemplos que le den coherencia y nivel.

Esta sección es especialmente útil para los essays del B2 First y C1 Advanced de Cambridge, porque ese tipo de estructura siempre aparece. También es frecuente en los writings de la Escuela Oficial de Idiomas, en todos los niveles.

Y no hace falta aprenderte este orden ni toda la información. En el essay solo tendrás que desarrollar dos o tres puntos (según el examen). Incluso puedes preferir un orden distinto y estará igual de bien.

En este caso, vamos a ver a una tier list sobre el subtema “How to encourage tourists to visit less crowded places.” 
 1 Promoting lesser-known destinations
Governments and tourism boards can advertise small towns and rural areas instead of only popular cities. This helps distribute visitors more evenly and gives economic opportunities to different regions.
 2 Developing better transport connections
Improving public transport and infrastructure to remote areas makes them more accessible. Reliable connections encourage travellers to explore places beyond the main tourist hubs.
 3 Using social media to highlight authentic experiences
Influencers and travel campaigns can focus on real cultural experiences instead of overcrowded landmarks. Showing authentic local life motivates responsible travellers to visit different places.
 4 Limiting access to saturated areas
Establishing visitor limits or higher fees in highly visited locations helps protect them from overtourism and redirects people to quieter destinations.
 5 Creating incentives for off-season travel
Offering discounts, events or festivals during low season helps balance the number of tourists throughout the year and keeps local businesses active for longer periods.

 connections 

En muchas ocasiones, los topics de los exámenes de inglés están muy relacionados con otros topics, lo que nos puede ayudar mucho a fijar nuestras ideas y relacionar conceptos.

Además, al conectar unos topics con otros a través de sus main ideas, podemos utilizar estas ideas indistintamente para un topic u otro, lo que nos ayuda mucho si nos quedamos en blanco o no nos acordamos bien de algún punto en concreto.

Las relaciones entre temas diferentes también nos vienen muy bien si tenemos que seguir hablando en el monólogo o presentación del speaking y ya nos hemos quedado sin ideas o si tenemos que escribir un párrafo más en el writing para completar el número mínimo de palabras.

El tema de esta lección se puede relacionar con los topics de 
environment & sustainability
Travelling has a direct impact on the planet through transport emissions and waste. Promoting eco-friendly holidays, responsible tourism and local travel encourages sustainability and reduces the environmental footprint of tourism.
money & personal finance
Holidays are often one of the biggest yearly expenses. Planning trips requires setting a budget, comparing prices, and avoiding unnecessary spending — all of which help develop financial awareness and responsible decision-making.
technology
Technology has transformed how people travel. Mobile apps, online booking systems, and digital maps have made trips easier to plan and safer to navigate, but they also create dependence on devices and constant online connection.
culture & traditions
Travelling exposes people to different ways of life, values, and customs. Cultural holidays and exchanges help learners understand diversity, respect traditions, and challenge stereotypes about other countries.
gentrification & overtourism
Popular destinations can suffer from overcrowding and rising prices, forcing locals to move out. Overtourism changes neighborhoods and damages cultural heritage, highlighting the need for balanced and responsible tourism.
health & well-being
Taking holidays improves mental health, reduces stress, and restores motivation. However, constant travel or long-haul flights can also lead to fatigue and unhealthy habits if rest is not properly managed.
relationships & family life
Travelling with relatives or friends helps strengthen emotional bonds and create shared memories. Yet, it can also reveal tensions and different expectations when people spend long periods together.
social media
Social media shapes travel trends and destination choices. People share photos and experiences online, which can inspire others but also promote unrealistic expectations and pressure to show a perfect lifestyle.
work–life balance
Holidays are essential to escape routine, rest and recover energy. Managing time off effectively helps maintain productivity, creativity, and emotional stability once people return to work or study.
consumerism
Tourism advertising promotes experiences as products to buy. Understanding how marketing and social pressure influence travel choices helps people value quality experiences over luxury or status.

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